After: A.D. Tomlin, London Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, 1400 Western Rd. London, Ont. Canada N6G2V4

Brown, A. L., 1978, Ecology of soil organisms. Heinemann Educational Books, Fakenham, England.

Dindal, D. L. 1990. Soil biology guide. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Wiley-Interscience. 1349p.( good basic keys to northamerican soil fauna and flora)

Edwards, C. A., and Lofty, J. R. 1972. Biology of earthworms. Chapman and Hall, London (1st ed.).

Edwards, C. A., and Lofty, J. R. 1977. Biology of earthworms. Chapman and Hall, London (2nd ed.).

Edwards, C.A., and P. J. Bohlen. 1996. Biology and Ecology of Earthworms (3rd Ed.). Chapman & Hall, ISBN: 0412561603

Kevan, D. K. M. 1955. Soil Zoology. London, Butterworths Scientific Publications. 512pp.

Kevan, D. K. M., 1962, Soil Animals. London, H. F. & G. Witherby Ltd.

Killham K., 1994. Soil Ecology. Cambridge University Press.

Kuhnelt, W. 1976. Soil Biology: with special reference to the animal kingdom. Faber and Faber, London.

Lee, K. E. 1985. Earthworms: Their ecology and relationship with soils and land use. Academic Press, New York.

McLaughlin, M. 1986, Earthworms, Dirt and Rotten Leaves. Avon Books. New York, New York 84 pages

Pearse, V., Pearse, J., Buchsbaum, M., and Buchsbaum, R. 1987. Living Invertebrates. Blackwell Scientific, Palo Alto, California.

Reynolds, J. W. 1977. The Earthworms (Lumbricidae and Sparganophilidae) of Ontario. Misc. Pubs. Roy.Ont. Mus., Toronto.

Satchell, J. E. 1983. Earthworm Ecology: From Darwin to Vermiculture. Chapman and Hall, London. 495pp.

Schaller, F. 1968. Soil Animals. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.

Service, R. 1940. The Best of Robert Service. McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited, Toronto (poetry about ice-worms in the Canadian North, and probably where Canadian legends about snow snakes originated).

Wallwork, J. A. 1976. The distribution and diversity of soil fauna. Academic Press, London.